Publications

Journals

MacLellan, C.J., Stowers, K., Brady, L. (2023). Evaluating Alternative Training Interventions Using Personalized Computational Models of Learning. Advances in Cognitive Systems, 10, 1-18. (pdf)

Guerzhoy, M., Neumann, M., Johnson, E., Johnson, D., Chai, H., Garijo, D., Lyu, Z. & MacLellan, C.J. (2022) EAAI-22 Blue Sky Ideas in Artificial Intelligence Education from the AAAI/ACM SIGAI New and Future AI Educator Program. AI Matters, 8(2), 16-21. (pdf)

Stowers, K., Brady, L., MacLellan, C.J., Wohleber, R., Salas, R. (2021). Improving Teamwork Competencies in Human-Machine Teams: Perspectives from Team Science. Frontiers in Psychology. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.590290

MacLellan, C.J., Koedinger, K.R. (2020). Domain General Tutor Authoring with Apprentice Learner Models. International Journal of AI in Education. doi: 10.1007/s40593-020-00214-2 (spotlight talk)

MacLellan, C.J., Harpstead, E., Marinier III, R. P., Koedinger, K.R. (2018). A Framework for Natural Cognitive System Training Interactions. Advances in Cognitive Systems, 6, 177-192. (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J., Harpstead, E., Aleven, V., Koedinger K.R. (2016). TRESTLE: A Model of Concept Formation in Structured Domains. Advances in Cognitive Systems, 4, 131-150. (pdf)

Unger, L., Fisher, A. V., Nugent, R., Ventura, S. L., MacLellan, C.J. (2016). Developmental Changes in the Semantic Organization. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 146. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2016.01.005

Dinar, M., Danielescu, A., MacLellan, C.J., Shah, J., Langley, P. (2015). Problem Map: An ontological framework for a computational study of problem formulation in engineering design. Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering, 15(3). doi: 10.1115/1.4030076 (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J., Langley, P., Shah, J., Dinar, M. (2013). A Computational Aid for Problem Formulation in Early Conceptual Design. Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering,13(3). doi: 10.1115/1.4024714 (pdf)

Peer-Reviewed Conferences

Lawley, L., & MacLellan, C. J. (2024). VAL: Interactive Task Learning with GPT Dialog Parsing. In Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. (pdf) (talk)

Guo, G., Kumar, A. M. S., Gupta, A., Coscia, A., Maclellan, C.J., & Endert, A. (2024). Visualizing Intelligent Tutor Interactions for Responsive Pedagogy. In Proceedings of the 2024 International Conference on Advanced Visual Interfaces. (pdf)

Hannan, D., Nesbit, S.C., Wen, X., Smith, G., Zhang, Q., Goffi, A., Chan, V., Morris, M.J., Hunninghake, J.C., Villalobos, N.E., Kim, E., Weber, R.O., MacLellan, C.J. (2023). MobilePTX: Sparse Coding for Pneumothorax Detection Given Limited Training Examples. In Proceedings of The Thirty-Fifth Annual Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence. (pdf) (talk)

MacLellan, C.J., Matsakis, P., & Langley, P. (2022). Efficient Induction of Language Models via Probabilistic Concept Formation. In Proceedings of the Tenth Annual Conference on Advances in Cognitive Systems. (pdf) (talk)

MacLellan, C.J., Gupta, A. (2021). Learning Expert Models for Educationally Relevant Tasks using Reinforcement Learning. Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Educational Data Mining. (pdf) (talk)

Zhang, Q., MacLellan, C.J. (2021). Going Online: A simulated student approach for evaluating knowledge tracing in the context of mastery learning. Proceedings of the Fourteenth International Conference on Educational Data Mining. (pdf) (talk)

MacLellan, C.J., Stowers, K., Brady, L. (2020). Optimizing Human Performance using Individualized Computational Models of Learning. Proceedings of the Eighth Annual Conference on Advances in Cognitive Systems. (pdf) (talk)

Harpstead, E., MacLellan, C.J., Weitekamp, D., Koedinger, K. (2019). The Use of Simulated Learners in Adaptive Education. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence + Adaptive Education (AIAED). (pdf)

Weitekamp, D., Harpstead, E., Rachatasumrit, N., MacLellan, C., & Koedinger, K. (2019). Toward Near Zero-Parameter Prediction Using a Computational Model of Student Learning. In Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Educational Data Mining. Montreal: International Educational Data Mining Society. (pdf)

Chaplot, D. S., MacLellan, C., Salakhutdinov, R., & Koedinger, K. (2018). Learning Cognitive Models using Neural Networks. In Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education. (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J., Harpstead, E., Patel, R., Koedinger, K.R. (2016). The Apprentice Learner Architecture: Closing the loop between learning theory and educational data. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining. Raleigh, NC: International Educational Data Mining Society. (Exemplary Paper Award) (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J. (2015). Assessing the Creativity of Designs at Scale. In E. Y. Do (Ed.), Proceedings of the 2015 ACM SIGCHI Conference on Creativity and Cognition (pp. 339-340). New York: ACM Press. doi: 10.1145/2757226.2764770 (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J., Harpstead, E., Aleven, V., Koedinger, K.R. (2015). TRESTLE: Incremental Learning in Structured Domains using Partial Matching and Categorization. Proceedings of the Third Annual Conference on Advances in Cognitive Systems. Atlanta, GA: Cognitive Systems Foundation. (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J., Liu, R., Koedinger, K.R. (2015). Accounting for Slipping and Other False Negatives in Logistic Models of Student Learning. In O.C. Santos et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Educational Data Mining. Madrid, Spain: International Educational Data Mining Society. (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J., Koedinger, K.R., Matsuda, N. (2014). Authoring Tutors with SimStudent: An Evaluation of Efficiency and Model Quality. In S. Trausan-Matu, K. E. Boyer, M. Crosby, & K. Panourgia (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (pp. 551-560). Switzerland: Springer International. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-07221-0 (pdf)

Harpstead, E., MacLellan, C.J., Aleven, V., Myers, B.A. (2014). Using Extracted Features to Inform Alignment-Driven Design Ideas in an Educational Game. In A. Schmidt & T. Grossman (Eds.), Proceedings of the 32nd Annual SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems—CHI ‘14 (pp. 3329–3338). New York: ACM Press. doi: 10.1145/2556288.2557393 (pdf)

Tenison, C., MacLellan, C.J. (2014). Modeling Strategy Use in an Intelligent Tutoring System: Implications for Strategic Flexibility. In S. Trausan-Matu, K. E. Boyer, M. Crosby, & K. Panourgia (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems (pp. 466-475). Switzerland: Springer International. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-07221-0 (pdf)

Unger, L., Fisher, A. V., & MacLellan, C.J. (2014). Developmental Changes in the Semantic Organization of Living Kinds. In P. Bello, M. Guarini, M. McShane, & B. Scassellati (Eds.), Proceedings of the 36th Annual Meeting of the Cognitive Science Society (pp. 1646-1651). Quebec City: Cognitive Science Society. (pdf)

Harpstead, E., MacLellan, C.J., Koedinger, K.R., Aleven, V., Dow, S.P., Myers, B.A. (2013). Investigating the Solution Space of an Open-Ended Educational Game Using Conceptual Feature Extraction. In S.K. D’Mello, R.A. Calvo, & A. Olney (Eds.), Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Educational Data Mining (pp. 51-58). Memphis, TN: International Educational Data Mining Society (pdf)

Danielescu, A., Dinar, M., MacLellan, C.J., Shah, J., Langley, P. (2012). The structure of creative design: what problem maps can tell us about problem formulation and creative designers. Proceedings of the ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference (pp. 437-446). Chicago, Illinois: ASME. doi: 10.1115/DETC2012-70325 (pdf)

Dinar, M., MacLellan, C.J., Danielescu, A., Shah, J. (2012). Beyond Function-Behavior-Structure. In J. Gero (Ed.), Design Computing and Cognition ‘12 (pp. 511-527). Netherlands: Springer. doi: 10.1007/978-94-017-9112-0 (pdf)

Wiederrecht, M., MacLellan, C.J., Gamboa, R. (2010). Reasoning about DrScheme Programs in ACL2. In R. Page, Z. Horvath, & V. Zsók (Eds.), Trends in Functional Programming (pp. 276-283). Berlin: Springer-Verlag. doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-22941-1 (pdf)

Thesis

Maclellan, C. J. (2017). Computational models of human learning: Applications for tutor development, behavior prediction, and theory testing. Doctoral Dissertation, Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburg, PA. (details) (poster) (pdf)

Book Chapters

Harpstead, E. , MacLellan, C. J., Aleven, V., Myers, B. A. (2015). Replay analysis in open-ended educational games. In C. S. Loh, Y. Sheng, and D. Ifenthaler (Eds.), Serious Game Analytics: Methodologies for Performance Measurement, Assessment, and Improvement, 381-399. Switzerland: Springer International. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-05834-4_17

Workshops & Symposia

Hannan, D., Nesbit, S. C., Wen, X., Smith, G., Zhang, Q., Goffi, A., Chan, V., Morris, M.J., Hunninghake, J. C., Villalobos, N. E., Kim, E., Weber, R. O., & MacLellan, C. J. (2024). Interpretable Models for Detecting and Monitoring Elevated Intracranial Pressure. In Proceedings of The International Symposium on Biomedical Imaging. (pdf)

Harpstead, E., Stowers, K., Lawley, L., Zhang, Q., MacLellan, C.J. (2023). Speculative Game Design of Asymmetric Cooperative Games to Study Human-Machine Teaming. In Proceedings of The First Workshop on Human-AI Interaction through Play @ The Foundations of Digital Games 2023 (FDG 2023). (pdf)

Smith, G.*, Zhang, Q.*, MacLellan, C.J. (2022). Do it Like the Doctor: How We Can Design a Model That Uses Domain Knowledge to Diagnose Pneumothorax. In Proceedings of the AAAI 2022 Spring Symposium on Machine Learning and Knowledge Engineering for Hybrid Intelligence (AAAI-MAKE 2022). (* are co-first authors) (pdf) (talk)

Zhang, Q., MacLellan C.J. (2021). Investigating Knowledge Tracing Models using Simulated Students. AAAI2021 Spring Symposium on Artificial Intelligence for K-12 Education. (pdf) (talk)

Gupta, A., MacLellan, C.J. (2021). Designing Teachable Systems for Intelligent Tutor Authoring. AAAI2021 Spring Symposium on Artificial Intelligence for K-12 Education. (pdf) (talk)

MacLellan, C.J., Harpstead, E., Sheline, R. (2019). A Human-centered Approach to Designing Teachable Systems. In Proceedings of the CHI 2019 Workshop titled Where is the Human? Bridging the Gap Between AI and HCI. (pdf)

Harpstead, E., MacLellan, C.J. (2019). Visualizing the Solution Space of Educational Games using Trestle. In Companion Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Learning Analytics & Knowledge (LAK19). (pdf)

Harpstead, E., MacLellan, C.J., Koedinger K.R. (2018). Towards Natural Cognitive System Training Interactions: A Preliminary Framework. In Proceedings of the AAAI 2018 Spring Symposium on the User Experience of Artificial Intelligence. (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J. (2016). Apprentice Learner Architecture: A framework for modeling human learning from demonstrations and feedback in digital environments. In Proceedings of the Students of Cognitive Systems Workshop at the Fourth Annual Conference on Advances in Cognitive Systems. (pdf)

MacLellan, C. J. (2016). Investigating the Impact of Slipping Parameters on Additive Factors Model Parameter Estimates. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining. Raleigh, NC: International Educational Data Mining Society. (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J., Harpstead, E., Wiese, E.S., Zou, M., Matsuda, N., Aleven, V., & Koedinger, K.R. (2015). Authoring Tutors with Complex Solutions: A Comparative Analysis of Example Tracing and SimStudent. In J. Boticario & K. Muldner (Eds.), Proceedings of the Workshops at the 17th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education AIED 2015 (Vol. 5, pp. 35-44). Aachen: CEUR-WS.org. (pdf)

Harpstead, E., MacLellan, C.J., Aleven, V. (2015). Discovering Knowledge Models in an Open-Ended Educational Game using Concept Formation. In J. Boticario & K. Muldner (Eds.), Proceedings of the Workshops at the 17th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education AIED 2015 (Vol. 2, pp. 9-16). Aachen: CEUR-WS.org. (pdf)

Koedinger, K.R., Matsuda, N., MacLellan, C.J., McLaughlin, E.A. (2015). Methods for Evaluating Simulated Learners: Examples from SimStudent. In J. Boticario & K. Muldner (Eds.), Proceedings of the Workshops at the 17th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education AIED 2015 (Vol. 5, pp. 45-54). Aachen: CEUR-WS.org. (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J., Wiese, E.S., Matsuda, N., & Koedinger, K.R. (2014). SimStudent: Authoring Expert Models by Tutoring. In R. Sottilare (Ed.), Proceedings of the Second Annual GIFT Users Symposium (pp. 25-32). Orlando, FL: US Army Research Laboratory. (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J., Wiese, E.S., Matsuda, N., Koedinger, K.R. (2014). SimStudent: Improving Tutor Quality and Reducing Authoring Costs. In Workshop Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems. (pdf)

Harpstead, E., MacLellan, C.J., Aleven, V., & Koedinger, K.R. (2014). Using Data to Explore the Differences between Instructional Vision and Student Performance. In Learning Innovations at Scale CHI 2014 Workshop. (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J., Matsuda, N., & Koedinger, K. R. (2013). Toward a reflective SimStudent: Using experience to avoid generalization errors. In E. Walker & C. Looi (Eds.), Proceedings of the Workshops at the 16th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education AIED 2013 (Vol. 4). Aachen: CEUR-WS.org. (pdf)

Langley, P., Emery, M., Barley, M., & MacLellan, C.J. (2013). An Architecture for Flexible Problem Solving. In Annual Conference on Advances in Cognitive Systems: Workshop on Metacognition in Situated Agents. (pdf)

Langley, P., Emery, M., Barley, M., & MacLellan, C.J. (2013). An Architecture for Flexible Problem Solving. In Proceedings of the Annual Conference on Advances in Cognitive Systems: Workshop on Metacognition in Situated Agents. (pdf)

Short Papers and Posters

Lian, X., Varma, S., & MacLellan, C. J. (2024). Cobweb: An Incremental and Hierarchical Model of Human-Like Category Learning. In Proceedings of the 2024 Cognitive Science Conference. (pdf)

Calo, T., & MacLellan, C. J. (2024). Towards Educator-Driven Tutor Authoring: Generative AI Approaches for Creating Intelligent Tutor Interfaces. In Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Learning at Scale. (pdf)

Siddiqui, M. N., Gupta, A., Reddig, J. M., & Maclellan, C. J. (2024). HTN-Based Tutors: A New Intelligent Tutoring Framework Based on Hierarchical Task Networks. In Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Learning at Scale. (pdf)

Zhang, Q., Chen, Z., Lalwani, N., MacLellan, C.J. (2022). Modifying Deep Knowledge Tracing for Multi-step Problems. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Educational Data Mining. (pdf) (poster) (talk)

Zhang, Q., MacLellan, C.J. (2022). (A)I Will Teach You to Play Gomoku: Exploring the Use of Game AI to Teach People. In L@S ‘22: Proceedings of the Ninth ACM Conference on Learning @ Scale. (pdf) (talk)

MacLellan., C.J. & Thakur, H. (2021). Convolutional Cobweb: A Model of Incremental Learning from 2D Images. In Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference on Advances in Cognitive Systems. (pdf) (talk)

Sheline, R. & MacLellan., C.J. (2018). Investigating Machine-Learning Interaction with Wizard-of-Oz Experiments. In Proceedings of the NeurIPS 2018 Workshop on Learning by Instruction. (pdf) (poster)

Tenison, C. & MacLellan, C.J. (2015). The Impact of Instructional Intervention and Practice on Help-Seeking Strategies within an ITS. In O.C. Santos et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Educational Data Mining. International Educational Data Mining Society. (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J., Langley, P., Walker, C. (2012). A Generative Theory of Problem Solving. In Proceedings of the First Conference on Advances in Cognitive Systems: Poster Collection. Cognitive Systems Foundation. (pdf)

MacLellan, C.J. (2011). An elaboration account of insight. In Proceedings of the 2011 AAAI Fall Symposium on Advances in Cognitive Systems (pp. 194-201). Arlington, VA: AAAI Press. (pdf)